Background: The size of the access artery is important for the choice of device for endovascular interventions.

Objectives: Determination of changes in the size of the radial artery by injecting a solution under pressure into the arterial lumen.

Methodology: The study included 72 patients who, following radial artery catheterization, underwent an assessment of the artery’s elastic properties by injecting a solution under pressure into the lumen of the radial artery. The elasticity of the artery was assessed based on the degree of vessel dilation before and after the injection of a solution under pressure, using intravascular imaging. Morphometry of the radial artery involved measuring the diameter and lumen area of the artery. This study investigated the effects of changes in the arterial wall following repeated radial artery catheterizations and of the patient’s anthropometric characteristics on the degree of radial artery dilation after the injection of a pressurized solution into the arterial lumen.

Key Results/Findings: A statistically significant increase in the lumen diameter of the radial artery was observed following the injection of a pressurized solution into the arterial lumen (radial artery diameter: 2.76 vs. 3.04 mm, p < 0.05; radial artery area: 6.1 vs. 7.3 mm², p < 0.05). The influence of the patient’s anthropometric parameters on arterial elasticity was noted. Reuse of the radial artery led to a decrease in its elastic properties.

Conclusion: The method of dilating the radial artery by injecting a solution under pressure into its lumen resulted in an increase in its size. These characteristics of the artery may call for a reevaluation of the approach to instrument selection, favouring larger sizes during endovascular procedures.

Aleksandr Kaledin completed his MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine) at the age of 42 years from North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Russian Federation. He is the endovascular surgeon of North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Russian Federation. He has over 20 publications that have been cited over 50 times, and his publication h-index is 4.