Arrhythmia is a key and challenging topic in undergraduate clinical medicine ECG teaching. The teaching dilemma stems from students 'abstract cognitive barriers regarding the "origin-conduction-pattern" association of cardiac electrical activity, as well as the disconnection between anatomical and electrophysiological mechanisms in traditional teaching. To address this, this study developed a tripartite teaching model centered on the trapezoidal diagram method: "anatomical foundation-trapezoidal diagram-clinical examples." This model precisely maps the trapezoidal diagram symbol system to cardiac anatomical structures, visually demonstrating the excitation-conduction sequence and the "four-level localization" principle, aligning with students' concrete cognitive characteristics. A comparative study involving 120 undergraduates showed that the trapezoidal diagram group achieved significantly higher accuracy in interpreting arrhythmia patterns (89.2% vs. 67.5% in the control group), with a 41.3% improvement in comprehension of complex concepts and a 31.2% reduction in feedback rates for "spatial imagination difficulties." Post-class questionnaires indicated that 90% of students believed the method visually demonstrated conduction block locations, and 85% reported enhanced diagnostic confidence. The study demonstrates that integrating cardiac anatomy with trapezoidal diagrams can transform electrophysiological mechanisms into visual hierarchical relationships, effectively bridging anatomical foundations and clinical practice, providing a replicable pathway for arrhythmia teaching in undergraduate education.

Hong-yan Yang is a Deputy Director of the Medical Department at Xiangnan University, Director of the Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Research Institute at Xiangnan University, Chief Physician and Professor, former Director of the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Discipline Leader at the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou City, Member of the 12th, 13th, and 14th Hunan Provincial People's Congress, Member of the 6th Standing Committee of Chenzhou Municipal People's Congress and Member of the Education, Science, Culture, and Health Committee, Member of the Esophageal Electrophysiology Group of the China Electrophysiology Society, Council Member of the China Hypertension Alliance, Member of the Professional Committee of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing of the Hunan Medical Association, and Member of the Working Committee of the Hunan Esophageal Pacing Training Center.With 30 years of experience in clinical practice, teaching, and scientific research, the individual transitioned from frontline clinical work to teaching since 2017, having trained nearly 5,000 undergraduate medical students. They have led two provincial-level educational reform projects and obtained one national invention patent. Over 30 professional and popular science papers have been published.